Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric Patients with Down Syndrome in Fayoum Governorate

Document Type : Full Length research Papers

Authors

1 Department of Pediatrics,Faculty of Medicine ,Fayoum University,Fayoum ,Egypt.

2 Department of Pediatrics Fayoum university

3 Department of Pediatrics,Faculty of Medicine ,Fayoum University,Fayoum , Egypt.

4 Departemt of Pediatrics Fayoum university

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity during the first two years of the Down Syndrome (DS) patient's life. Studies showed that 40-63.5% of DS patients had CHD. The defects can involve the heart walls, valves, veins, and arteries. They might develop congestive heart failure, pulmonary vascular disease, pneumonia, or failure to thrive.
Aim of the study: The current study aimed to define the prevalence and patterns of congenital heart disease (CHD) among children with Down syndrome (DS) in Fayoum Governorate.
Subjects and Methods: The study recruited 150 pediatric DS patients from the cardiology and genetic clinics of Fayoum University Hospital, outpatient clinics of Fayoum General Hospital, and Fayoum Insurance Hospital. The current cross-sectional study was conducted for one year and nine months, January 2018 to September 2019.
Results: Echocardiographic examination of cases revealed that (54.7%) had CHD. Atrial septal defect (ASD) was the most frequent lesion (67.1%), followed by ventricular septal defect (VSD) (32.9%), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (18.3%), and atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) in (13.4%) of cases.
Conclusion: There was a high incidence of CHD among pediatric DS patients. Acyanotic lesions were the most common ASD and VSD. Investigations included the 2D mode with color Doppler in Echocardiographic examination is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of CHD.

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