Fayoum University, Faculty of MedicineFayoum University Medical Journal2536-94741120180301Safety and efficacy of the available oral anti diabetic drugs in treating type-2 diabetics during Ramadan1437(Hijri)fasting in Fayoum Governate4967542910.21608/fumj.2018.5429ENMohamed Abd ElHadyMashahitProf of internal medicin FayoumSallyAbo El-seoudDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, EgyptNorhanSayedDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, EgyptNohaAbd El-GhafarDepartment of Clinical Pathology , Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, EgyptJournal Article20180220Introduction : Fasting in Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam. Without relevant medical advice and intervention, fasting can put patients with T2DM at an increased risk of serious complications. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of available oral anti diabetic drugs in treating type-2 diabetics during Ramadan fasting.<br />Methods : In this 16-week prospective study, data were collected up to 6 weeks before and after Ramadan fasting . Patients who had received metformin alone or with sulfonylurea (SU), DPP4-I or TZDs or any combination of the before were enrolled into the study.<br />Results : This study concluded that mean total HbA1c improved during Ramadan (š<0.001 ) . This study also found that patients treated with SUs experienced major hypoglycemic events Similarly, a fewer patients experienced weight gain when treated with TZDs. On the contrary we found that there was no evidence of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia in<br />patients using DPP4-I.<br />Conclusions: There are several potential benefits of fasting during Ramadan. Active glucose monitoring throughout the holy month of Ramadan enabled us to pick up more hypoglycaemic episodes .The study revealed that the preferred antidiabetic drugs during Ramadan are DPP4-I.Fayoum University, Faculty of MedicineFayoum University Medical Journal2536-94741120180301The dilemma of humanities in Medical Education14549110.21608/fumj.2018.5491ENRandaMostafaIntegrated Medical Program Manager,College of Medicine , Benha UniversityAymanShafieArmed Forces College of Medicine , EgyptJournal Article20180221Fayoum University, Faculty of MedicineFayoum University Medical Journal2536-94741120180301Reform Strategies of Medical Education in Egypt2427549510.21608/fumj.2018.5495ENShairaElshafieProfessor of Clinical Pathology, Fayoum University.Egypt0000-0001-5801-0197Journal Article20180221ā The purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges facing medical education system in Egypt particularly in the area of education quality. It builds upon several existing studies conducted in Egypt to make the case for improving education outcomes.<br />Ā <br />Design/methodology/approach<br />Ā <br />ā Samples were drawn from existing studies conducted in Egypt by experts in the education field.<br />Ā <br />Findings<br />ā Results suggest that there is a chance for improvement of the quality of medical education in Egypt with subsequent potential increase of graduates employability and direct impact on national and global healthcare.<br />Conclusion<br />āĀ Strategies of reform are suggested.Fayoum University, Faculty of MedicineFayoum University Medical Journal2536-94741120180301Gas6 /TAM system: physiological insights and diseases523550210.21608/fumj.2018.5502ENRasha H.BassyouniProfessor of Microbiology, fayoum Faculty of MedicineSylvana N.GaberDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.Ahmed A.GomaaDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.EL Shaimaa GomaaAliDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.Journal Article20180222Growth arrest specific 6 (Gas6) is a multimodular circulating protein, the actions are mediated by the interaction with three transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors: Tyro3, Axl, and MerTK, named TAM. Their regulatory roles are prominent in the mature immune, reproductive, hematopoietic, vascular, and nervous systems. Gas6 /TAM system plays a role in the regulation of inflammation, coagulation, cell growth, and clearance of apoptotic bodies. Deficiencies in TAM signaling are thought to contribute to chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease in humans, and aberrantly elevated TAM signaling is strongly associated with cancer progression, and metastasis. We review the function of the Gas6/TAM system and the current evidence supporting its potential role in the pathogenesis of different diseases.Fayoum University, Faculty of MedicineFayoum University Medical Journal2536-94741120180301Vitamin D status Association with newly diagnosed Type2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study4048550510.21608/fumj.2018.5505ENAzzaEL AshiryAssistant lecturer of Family Medicine, Fayoum UniversityMohsen Abdel-HamedGadallahprofessor of community medicine department of community Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,Ain Shams UniversityMohamedMashahitDepartment Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum UniversityEssam MohamedBayoumyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityShahiraEl-ShafieDepartment Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum UniversityDina NabilBoulosDepartment of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20180222Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases in the world that can affect nearly every organ system in the body. Vitamin D has sparked widespread interest in the pathogenesis and prevention of diabetes. The aim of study; to investigate vitamin D level in type 2 diabetes and controls. A retrospective case control study with 47 newly diagnosed diabetic patients aged (35-70 years) and 54 controls matching ageĀ±5years and gender. Measuring HbA1c, FBG, assay serum 25(OH) D levelĀ were done for Ā patients and/or controls. Results of current study, showed a more severe vitamin D deficiency in newly diagnosed diabetes than controls (46.8% vs.33.3%) and difference between vitamin D level in newly diagnosed diabetes compare to controls wasĀ not statistical significant (p=0.108). Conclusion: no statistical significant difference between newly diagnosed diabetes and controls concerning to vitamin D level.Fayoum University, Faculty of MedicineFayoum University Medical Journal2536-94741120180301Hypomagnesemia As A Marker Of Diabetic Nephropathy2839550610.21608/fumj.2018.5506ENMohamed Abd ElHadyMashahitProf of internal medicin FayoumAhmedHammadDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, EgyptShairaShafieDepartment of Clinical pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt0000-0001-5801-0197BasmaAbdelsamadDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, EgyptJournal Article20180222Magnesium is an essential element and has a fundamental role in carbohydrate metabolism in general and in the insulin action in particular. Magnesium is involved in multiple levels in insulin secretion, binding and activity. Cellular magnesium deficiency can alter the activity of the membrane bound Na+K+ ATPase, which is involved in the maintenance of gradients of sodium and potassium and in glucose transport(1).<br />Magnesium depletion has a negative impact on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes as well as on the evolution of complications such as retinopathy, arterial atherosclerosis and nephropathy. Moreover, low serum magnesium is a strong, independent predictor of development of type 2 diabetes(2)<em>.</em><br />A cross sectional study included 105 type 2 diabetic patients. Twenty nine were males (27.6%) and seventy six were females (72.4%).Their ages ranged from 30-77 with a mean of 49.7Ā± 10.6. All patients were subjected to full clinical examination, and investigations which included: serum creatinine, HbA1c, albumin creatinine ratio and serum magnesium.<br />Their mean BMI was 23 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and mean waist/hip ratio was 0.9.Their mean HbA1c was 8.55 %. Of all patients, 13 of them had normal level of A/C ratio (control group) and 92 were albuminuric with a mean A/C ratio 238.26 Ā± 727.9 with a range of 33.7 (0.09-4700), mean s.creatinine was 1.29 Ā± 1.16 and their mean s.magnesium level was 2.04 Ā± 0.49 with a range of 1.9 (0.8-3.9).<br />We observed significant negative correlation between A/C ratio and serum creatinine with a p-value of <0.0001.<br />The study shows negative correlation between serum magnesium and A/C ratio(r=-0.202, p=0.039).Ā